Allah the Almighty said:
"And I (Allah) created not the Jinns and men except they should worship Me (Alone)." (51:56)
And He stated:
"And verily, We have sent among every Ummah (community, nation) a Messenger
(proclaiming): 'Worship Allah (Alone), and avoid (or keep away from) Taghut (all false deities
etc. i.e. do not worship Taghut besides Allah).' " (16:36)
And He said:
“And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And that you be dutiful
to your parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them
a word of disrespect, nor shout at them but address them in terms of honour. And lower
unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say:
'My Lord! Bestow onthem Your Mercy as they did bring me up when I was small.' (17:23, 24)
And He said:
"Worship Allah and join none with Him in worship."(4:36)
And He said:
"Say (O Muhammad May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him ):
Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited you from: Join not anything in worship with Him; be good and dutiful to your parents; kill not your children because of poverty -We provide sustenance for you and for them; come not near to shameful sins (illegal sexual intercourse, etc.) whether committed openly or secretly, and kill not anyone whom Allah has forbidden, except for a just cause (according to Islamic law), This He has commanded you that you may understand. And come not near to the orphan's property, except to improve it, until he (or she) attains the age of full strength; and give full measure and full weight with justice. We burden not any person, but that which he can bear. And whenever you give your word (i.e. judge between men or give evidence, etc.), say the truth even if a near relative is concerned, and fulfill the Covenant of Allah. This He commands you, that you may' remember. And verily, this is My Straight Path, so follow it, and follow not (other) paths, for they will separate you away from His Path. This He has ordained for you that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious)." (6: 151-153)
Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
Whoever wishes to ascertain the very will of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) on which the Prophet has put his seal, let him read the Statement of Allah:
"Say (O Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) ): Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited you from: Join not anything in worship with Him... (up to) ...And verily, this is My Straight Path."
It is narrated that Mu'adh bin Jabal (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
I was riding behind the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) on a donkey and he said to me "O Mu'adh, do you know what is the right of Allah on his slaves and what is the right of the slaves upon Allah?" I responded: "Allah and His Messenger know best."
He continued, "The Right of Allah upon His slaves is to worship Him Alone and never to associate anything with him. The right of slaves upon Him is not to punish any person who does not associate anything with Him." I said: "O Allah's Messenger, may I not give the glad tidings to the people?" He replied: "No. Do not inform them lest they rely on (this promise and lapse in their service to Him)1.” [The above Hadith is mentioned in two Sahih Books (Al-Bukhari and
Muslim)].
Important issues of the Chapter
1) Wisdom of Allah in creating jinn and mankind.
2) Worship is Tauhid, as, in this issue there had always been dispute (between the Prophets and the polytheists).
3) Those who have not fulfilled the requirements of Tauhid are such as they
have not worshipped Allah, and in this sense is the meaning of the verse:
"Nor will you worship that which I worship" (109:3).
4) The wisdom in sending the Messengers.
5) The message of the Prophet
(May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him)
(Tauhid) applies to allnations.
6) All Prophets have brought one and the same religion.
7) The major issue is that the worship of Allah cannot be performed until
Taghut is denounced 1 Mu'adh (May Allah be pleased with him)
narrated this Hadith avoiding the sin of concealment. [Translator]
and rejected. In this meaning is the saying of Allah:
"Whoever disbelieves in Taghut and believes in Allah then he has
grasped the most
trustworthy handhold."(2:256)
8) At-Taghut is inclusive of all that is worshipped other than Allah.
9) The tremendous importance of the three entirely clear verses
of Surah Al-An'am (6:151-153)
among the early pious predecessors. In these verses are 10 issues,
the first of which is the prohibition of Shirk.
10) The clear verses in Surah Al-Isra (17:22-39) have 18 substantial issues.
Allah begins themwith:
"Set not up with Allah any other ilah (god), (O man)
or you will sit down reproved, forsaken (in the Hell-fire)".(17:22)
And ended with:
"And set not up with Allah any other ilah (god) lest you should be thrown into Hell, blameworthy and rejected." (17:39).
Allah informed us the importance of these issues by saying:
"This is (part) of Al-Hikmah (wisdom, good manners and high character, etc.) which yourlord has inspired to you."(17:39)
11) The verse of Surah An-Nisaa (4:36)
called "The verse of the ten rights" to which Allah
the Most High begins by saying:
"And worship Allah, and join none with Him in worship."
12) We must note the admonition of Prophet Muhammad
(May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) which he made
before his death.
13) To recognize Allah's right upon us.
14) To recognize the rights of slaves on Allah, if they fulfill His right.
15) This issue was unknown to most of the Companions of Prophet
Muhammad (May the peaceand blessing of Allah be upon him)
16) Permissibility to hide some knowledge for the common good
(as determined by the Shari'ah).
17) It is desirable to pass the pleasing news to other Muslims.
18) Fear of depending (of the people) upon the expansiveness of Allah's mercy.
19) The statement of one, who is asked on matters that are not known to him:
"Allah and His Messenger know the best".
20) It is correct to impart knowledge selectively to someone and not to others.
21) The humility of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah
be upon him) onriding a donkey with a companion behind.
22) It is legitimate to have a second rider behind.
23) Superiority of Mu'adh bin Jabal (May Allah be pleased with him)
The great importance ofthis issue (of Tauhid).
The superiority of Tauhid And what it removes of sins
Allah the Most Exalted said:
"It is those who believe (in the Oneness of Allah and worship none but Him Alone) and confuse not their belief with Zulm (wrong i.e. by worshipping other besides Allah), for them (only) there is security and they are guided ones." (6:82)
Narrated Ubadah bin As-Samit (May Allah be pleased with him), that Allah's Messenger (Maythe peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Whoever testifies that there is nothing worthy of worship in truth (no God) except Allah Alone, Who is without (peer or) partner, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger, andthat 'Iesa (Jesus) is the slave of Allah, His Messenger, and His Word which He bestowed in Maryam (Mary) and a spirit (created) from Him, and that Paradise & Hell-fire are realities, Allah will admit him into Paradise, whatever his deeds might be."
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Hadith No. 3252)
'Itban (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Indeed Allah has forbidden for Hell the person who testifies: 'There is nothing worthy of worship in truth (no true God) but Allah', seeking thereby nothing but Allah's Face (pleasure)."
(Al-Bukhari, Muslim).
Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Allah's Messenger (May thepeace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Musa (Moses) (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
'O my Rabb, teach me something through which I can remember You and supplicate to You.' Allah answered: 'Say, O Musa, La ilaha ilIa-Allah'.
Musa said: 'O my Rabb, all your slaves say these words'. Allah said:
'O Musa, if the seven heavens and all they contain other than Me1 (Ghairy) and the seven earths as well, were all put in one side of a scale and La ilaha ilIa-Allah put in the other the latter would overweigh them.'"
[This Hadith has been reported by Ibn Hibban, and Al-Hakim declared itSahih].
1. This phrase (Ghairy) is the exception from what is in the heavens. It should not be misunderstood that Allah is contained within the heavens or earth since He has described Himself in the Qur'an as the Transcendent, Most High, Above All, i.e. in 2:255, 20:5, 25:59 and many places elsewhere in His Book.
Indeed the statement is another proof that Allah cannot be considered within the creation. [Detailed explanation can be seen in "Fath-ul-Majid Sharh Kitab-ut-Tauhid -Translator].
At-Tirmidhi reports from Anas (May Allah be pleased with him):
He heard Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) saying:
"Allah the Most Exalted said: 'O son of Adam, were you to come to Me with the world full of sins, and meet Me without making anything partner to Me (Shirk),
I would come to you with a similar amount of forgiveness.' "
Important issues of the Chapter
1) Abundance of Allah's favour.
2) The abundant reward of Tauhid towards Allah.
3) Besides earning rewards, Tauhid recompenses sins.
4) Explanation of the verse 82 in Surat Al-An'am.
5) Ponder the five points mentioned in the Hadith narrated by Ubadah
(bin As-Samit (May Allah be pleased with him))
6) If you look at the Ahadith from Ubadah and 'Itban
(May Allah be pleased with him) and what follows altogether,
the meanings of La-ilaha illa Allah become clear to you along with the
error of those who are the deceived ones (Al-Maghrurin).
7) Take note of the condition in Itban's Hadith.
8) That the Prophets needed to be apprised of the tremendous virtue of
La ilaha ilIa-Allah (There is no true God but Allah).
9) The point of overweighing of the Kalimah (May Allah be pleased with him)
in respect to all other creation, though many who enunciate it will not get
the full weight in their balance.
10) The text showing that there are seven earths like seven heavens.
11) That the seven earths and heavens are full of creatures.
12) Confirmation of the Attributes of Allah, contrary to the claims of Ash'ariyah.
13) Undoubtedly, if you understand the Hadith of Anas
(May Allah be pleased with him) you would understand the statement
in the Hadith of Itban (May Allah be pleased with him):
"Indeed Allah has forbidden for Hell the person who testifies:
'There is nothing worthy of worship in truth (no true God) but Allah,
' seeking thereby nothing but Allah's Face (pleasure)"
that it constitutes abandonment of Shirk practically and not
merely confessing La-ilaha ilIa- Allah by the tongue.
14) Reflection and consideration of the shared characteristics
of Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him)
and Iesa (May Allah be pleased with him)
both as Prophetsand slaves of Allah.
15) Knowing the peculiarity of Jesus (May Allah be pleased with him)
being created as Kalimat- Allah (the Word of Allah).
16) Knowledge that Jesus (May Allah be pleased with him)
is a spirit from Allah (Ruhan Minhu).
17) Knowing the merits of belief in Paradise and Hell.
18) Knowledge of the meaning of the statement
(of the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him)
"... whatever his deeds might be."
19) Knowledge that Al-Mizan (the Scale) consists of two sides.
20) What is meant by the mention of the "Face" (of Allah).
Who purifies Tauhid (from Shirk..etc)
will enter Paradise without giving an Account
Allah the Most Exalted said:
"Verily Abraham (May Allah be pleased with him) was indeed a model, devoutly obedient to Allah, unswervingly true in faith and he was not of those who ascribed partners to Allah." (16: 120)
And He further said:
"And those who ascribe not anyone (in worship) as partners with their Lord."
(23:59)
Husain bin Abdur-Rahman narrated:
Once when I was with Sa'id bin Jubair, he asked, "Who among you did see the shooting star last night?" I answered, "I had seen it," and then explained that I was not at the prayer at the time because I had been stung by a poisonous scorpion. He said, "What did you then do?" I replied, "I used Ruqyah1 to cure it!" He said, "What compelled you to do that?” I said, "A Hadith I heard
from Ash-Sha'bi." He asked, "Which Hadith Sha'bi narrated?" I replied,
"He reported from Buraidah bin Al-Husaib, who said that Ruqyah is not allowed except for the treatment of 'evil eye' ('Ain) and (poisonous) sting." He (Sa'id bin Jubair) said, "He has done well by stopping on what he has heard
(i.e. to act according to the knowledge as opposed to ignorance). However Ibn
Abbas narrated us that the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said, 'All the nations were made to pass before me, and I saw a Prophet with a small group with him, and a Prophet with two or three people and a Prophet with none. Then there appeared a large group of people which I took to be my nation (Ummah). But I was told that those were of Musa and his
people. Later, a larger group appeared and I was told that those were my people. Among them were seventy thousand who would enter Paradise without reckoning or punishment.' The Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) then got up and went to his house, and the people went into discussion as to who they might be. Some said, 'Perhaps they are the Companions of the Messenger of Allah.' Others said, 'May be they belong to those who were born
in Islam and therefore had never ascribed anyone partner with Allah.' And while they were exchanging their views like this, the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) came out and was informed about the news.
He said, 'Those people are those who do not treat
1 Translator's footnote:
To translate Ruqyah as 'incantation' may bring to mind connotations of magic or sorcery which are forbidden in Islam. To use the term "By spiritual means" may not convey the meaning in full. [See Ismail L. Faruq's Translation] Ruqyah is when a person recites part of the Qur'an such as Al-Fatihah or makes supplication using words transmitted from the authentic Hadith of the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) upon someone. What appears to be a blanket forbiddance of doing so except for the two exceptions mentioned is actually a strong pronouncement of its allowance in these cases. It is confirmed in the authentic Seerah that the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) himself allowed Ruqyah in other instances, but he (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) admonished against a person doing so for other than himself.
(Ref. Fath-ul-Majid)
themselves with Ruqyah, nor do they believe in bad or good omen (from birds etc.), nor do they get themselves branded (cauterized), but they put their trust (only) in their Lord.' On that 'Ukashah bin Mihsan got up and said (to Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) 'Invoke Allah to make me one of them.' He (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said, 'You are one of them.' Then another man got up and said, 'Invoke Allah to make me one of them.' He (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said, 'Ukashah has preceded you.' "
Important issues of the Chapter
1) In Tauhid, people are classified into various ranks.
2) What is the meaning of 'purification of Tauhid'.
3) Ibrahim (May Allah be pleased with him) was praised by Allah for he was not
of the polytheists.
4) Allah praised all those Auliya for they did not make anyone with Him as the partner
(did not practice polytheism).
5) Keeping away from cauterization and Ruqyah is the fullest purification of Tauhid.
6) Possessing these characteristics (traits) is Tawakkul (trust in Allah Alone).
7) The deep knowledge of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing
of Allah be upon him) who knew that such degree of trust (Tawakkul)
in Allah could not be attained without action.
8) This shows how earnest the Companions were in doing good deeds.
9) The superiority of the followers of Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of
Allah be upon him) quantitatively as well as qualitatively.
10) The superiority of the Ummah (followers) of Musa (May Allah be pleased with him).
11) All the Ummah (nations) will be paraded before Prophet Muhammad
(May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) .
12) Every Ummah (nation) will be accompanied by its respective Prophet.
13) Generally, few people responded to the call of Prophets.
14) The Prophets, whom nobody responded to, will come alone before Allah.
15) The substance of these facts is that man should not worry about numbers,
neither must he feel proud about huge numbers nor be disheartened by less numbers.
16) The permission of using Ruqyah to treat effects of evil eye and poisonous sting.
17) By the Hadith "He has done well by stopping on what he has heard”,
the depth of knowledge of the predecessors is known, and it is also known that
the first Hadith does not contradict the second.
18) The avoidance of the predecessors of praising anyone undeservedly.
19) The Prophet's statement that 'You are one of them' is a sign of Prophethood.
20) The excellence of Ukashah (May Allah be pleased with him)
21) Using Ma'areed (to mention something casually among other things,
or a description open to various interpretations).
22) The excellent manners of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah
be upon him) .
Whoever Fulfilled the Requirements of Tawheed Will Enter Paradise Without a Reckoning
Allah , says:
Benefits Derived From This Verse
1. That Tawheed is the basis of all religion.
2. The obligation to follow Ibrahim, by sincerely worshipping Allah, Alone.
3. It is an obligation upon the daa'iyah1 to set a good example to the people in all that he does.
4. The unchanging nature of true worship as exemplified by the Prophets.
5. Tawheed is not acceptable without rejections of Shirk.
6. Rejection of the claim of Quraish in the days of ignorance that in practising their Shirk, they were following the religion of Ibrahim.
Relevance of This Verse to the Subject of Tawheed
That the verse proves that whoever exemplified these four attributes, has earned the right to Paradise, as did Ibrahim (as ), without reckoning or punishment.
..ooOOoo..
Allah , says:
" And those who live in awe for fear of their Rabb; And those who believe in the Signs of their Rabb, And those who join not anyone [in worship] as partners with their Rabb; And those who give that which they give [i.e. charity] with their hearts full of fear [whether their charity has been accepted or not], because they are sure to return to their Rabb" (Qur'an 23:57-60)
In these verses, Allah , describes the Believers by four of their attributes for which they deserve praise and commendation: They fear the punishment of their Rabb, they believe in the revealed Signs of Allah and His natural Signs (the planets, the stars, the seasons, the animals, the birds, the plants etc.) which prove the existence of Him and the truth of the Message of Muhammad 
The Benefits Derived From These Verses
1. The obligation to fear Allah.
2. The obligation of belief in the signs of Allah.
3. The forbiddance of Shirk in all its manifestations.
4. The concern of the Believers as to whether or not their deeds will be accepted.
5. The preferability of competing with others in the performance of good deeds.
Relevance of These Verses to the Subject of Tawheed
That the verses prove that whoever personifies these four attributes and purifies himself from Shirk which nullifies good deeds, will have the right to enter Paradise without a reckoning and without punishment because he has achieved the purest Tawheed and this is his reward.
..ooOOoo..
It is reported on the authority of Husain Ibn `Abdul-Rahmaan that he said: "I was with Sa'eed Ibn Jubair and he asked: "Who among you saw the shooting star last night?" I answered: "I saw it," and I explained to him that I had not been at prayer, because I had been stung (by a scorpion). He asked: "Then what did you do?" "I used a ruqyah,"2 I replied. He said: "What made you do that?" I answered: "A Hadith I heard from Ash-Sh'abi." He asked: "What did he tell you?" I said: "He reported from Buraidah Al-Husayyib, who said that ruqyah is not permitted except in two cases: "Al-'ain 3 and stings." He said: "He who limits himself to what he has heard, has done well; but Ibn `Abbas (ra) reported to us that the Prophet
Husain Ibn `Abdul-Rahman (ra) informs us of a discussion which took place between him and the Tabi'i,5 Sa'eed Ibn Jubair, concerning the use of ruqyah, due to the fact that Husain had been stung by a scorpion, for which he resorted to a ruqyah, in accordance with the Sunnah.6
When Sa'eed asked him for a proof for that, he informed him of the Hadith of Ash-Sh'abi which permits the use of ruqyah for the treatment of al-'ain and stings. Sa'eed praised him for his adherence to the Hadith, but related to him a Hadith which advocates rejection of ruqyah - the Hadith of Ibn `Abbas (ra) which also mentions cauterization and belief in omens, and requires us to have complete trust in Allah , and depend upon Him , Alone; and says that when `Ukkashah (ra) requested the Prophet
"`Ukkashah (ra) has preceded you."
Benefits Derived From This Hadith
1. That the Salaf 7 used to keep away from riyaa` and anything that might lead to it.
2. The obligation to ask for proof before accepting anything in the religion.
3. The permissibility of using ruqyah for al-'ain and stings, on condition that the ruqyah is of a kind endorsed by the Shari'ah8 - from the Qur'an or the authentic supplications of the Prophet
4. The profound knowledge of the Salaf.
5. Acting in accordance with the Qur'an and the Sunnah takes precedence over all opinions.
6. The virtue of the Salaf and their good manners and politeness in passing on Islamic knowledge.
7. The disparity in the number of followers of one Prophet and another, and that some Prophets have no followers.
8. The number of followers a person may have is not necessarily an indication of the truth or falseness of the message.
9. The virtue of Moosa (as ) and his people.
10. The excellence of the Ummah of Muhammad
11. The love of the Companions for all good deeds.
12. The permissibility of engaging in debate in religious matters.
13. Whoever possesses the four attributes mentioned in the Hadith, has perfected Tawheed and will enter Paradise.
14. The permissibility of asking virtuous persons to supplicate Allah on our behalf.
15. That there is no contradiction between the Hadith of Ash-Sh'abi - which permits ruqyah when the conditions for its acceptance are met - and the Hadith of Ibn `Abbas (ra) - which forbids ruqyah when those conditions are not met.
Relevance of This Hadith to the Subject of Tawheed
That the Hadith proves that whoever possessed the four attributes mentioned therein, has perfected Tawheed and will enter Paradise without reckoning or punishment.
Footnotes
1. Daa'iyah: One who invites people to Islam.
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